【Washington, DC】Komisiyo ishinzwe umutekano w'ibicuruzwa by'abaguzi muri Amerika (CPSC)yasohoye ku mugaragaro ivugurura ry’amategeko mu Gushyingo 2025, ivugururwa ku bufatanye rya "Ibipfunyika birwanya abanaUbuyobozi bwo Kwandikisha Imiti Irwanya Uburozi" hamwe n'Ikigo cya Amerika gishinzwe Kurengera Ibidukikije (EPA) kugira ngo gishimangire cyane amahame agenga ipaki irinda abana (CR) kuri ibikoresho by'amabatikubika ibintu biteje akaga. Itegeko rishya ritegeka kogupfunyikamo amabatiku bicuruzwa bya cannabis, imiti, imiti, n'ibindi byiciro bigomba gutsinda ibizamini 100% by’abana. Ibigo bireba bigomba kurangiza kuvugurura ipaki y’ibicuruzwa byose bitarenze ku ya 1 Kamena 2026, kugira ngo byuzuze ibisabwa n’amategeko ya leta, aho ibicuruzwa bitujuje ibisabwa bihanishwa ibihano bikomeye nko gusubiza mu kazi no gucibwa amande menshi.
Ingingo z'ingenzi z'Itegeko Rishya
Iri vugurura ry’amategeko rivugurura amabwiriza ya 16 CFR §1700 ateganywa n’Itegeko ryo Gupakira Ibinyabutabire (PPPA), rinoza ibisabwa mu isuzuma no kubahiriza imiterere y’icyuma mu gupakira ibinyabutabire. Ibikubiye muri iri tsinda bikubiyemo ibintu bitatu by’ingenzi:
●Amahame y’ibizamini akomeye: Igipimo cyo kudakora neza kw'abana mu gupakira CR cyazamuwe kiva kuri 85% kigera kuri 100%. Ikizamini gikorerwa abana bari hagati y'amezi 42-51, kandi abana bose bitabiriye bagomba kuba badashobora gufungura ipaki mu gihe cyagenwe hakurikijwe amabwiriza asanzwe yo gupima. Hagati aho, ibisabwa ku bantu bakuru birakomeje—abantu bakuru barenga 90% bagomba kuba bashobora gufungura ipaki mu minota 5 no kongera kuyifunga neza mu munota 1.
●Ingano yagutse y'ikoreshwa: Ku nshuro ya mbere ku rwego rwa leta, ibicuruzwa by'urumogi bikoreshwa mu buvuzi n'iby'abantu bakuru biri mu itegekogupakira CRamabwiriza agenga ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa "tinplate", ahuza amahame agenga iyubahirizwa ry’amategeko agenga ibihugu bitandukanye. Ishimangira kandi ko gupakira ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa "tinplate" ku miti itangwa na muganga, imiti igurishwa mu mahanga, imiti yo mu rugo, imiti yica udukoko, n’ibindi byiciro bihari bigomba kuzuza amabwiriza mashya icyarimwe. Isonerwa ry’ibikoresho by’icyuma risanzwe riravanwaho, aho ubusabe bwo gupakira ibikoresho buri kimwe buboneka gusa ku bicuruzwa bisaba koko gupakira ibikoresho by’icyuma kugira ngo ibikubiye muri ibyo bikoresho bibe bihamye.
●Gushyira mu bikorwa ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’imikorere rinoze: EPA yavuguruye icyarimwe amabwiriza yo gupakira imiti yica udukoko, isobanura ko gupakira imiti yica udukoko bigomba kubahiriza amabwiriza mashya ya CPSC (reba 40 CFR 157 Subpart B). Ibicuruzwa bitazahura n'amabwiriza ntibizashobora kwandikwa cyangwa kuvugururwa, bigatuma habaho umurongo uhuriweho w’amategeko agenga CPSC na EPA.
Igihe cyo kubahiriza amategeko n'ingaruka ku nganda
CPSC yageneye ibigo igihe cy’amezi 6 cy’inzibacyuho, isobanura igihe cy’ingenzi: Kuva mu Ugushyingo 2025 kugeza Mutarama 2026 ni igihe cyo kugisha inama ku bijyanye na politiki, aho ibigo bishobora gutanga ibibazo byo kubahiriza amategeko no gusaba ko birekurwa; ibigo by’ibizamini bya gatatu bizatangira kwakira ibizamini bishya bisanzwe kuva ku ya 1 Mutarama 2026;Itegeko rishya rizatangira gukurikizwa ku ya 1 Kamena 2026, kandi ibicuruzwa bitarangije kuvugurura ibipfunyika no kwemeza ibizamini bizahagarikwa gukwirakwizwa ku isoko rya Amerika; CPSC izatangiza iyubahirizwa ry’amategeko kuva ku ya 1 Ukuboza 2026, aho ibigo bitubahiriza amategeko bizahanishwa amande y’imbonezamubano agera ku $100.000 ku munsi, gusubizwa ibicuruzwa ku ngufu, n’ibyaha bikomeye byo kurenga ku mategeko.
Ku bw'gupfunyikamo amabatimu nganda, ibiciro by'igihe gito nko kuvugurura imiterere y'ibipfunyika no gupima abandi byitezwe, ibiciro byo gupfunyika ku bicuruzwa bifitanye isano bizamukaho 5%-8%. Ariko, mu gihe kirekire, iri tegeko rishya rizatera imbere mu ikoranabuhanga mu nganda, aho imiterere mishya ya CR nka double-locking na push-and-turn izagenda ikoreshwa cyane. Hagati aho, amahame rusange ya leta azagabanya ikiguzi cyo kubahiriza amategeko ku bigo bikora ku bucuruzi bwa leta zitandukanye, cyane cyane bikungura iterambere ry’inganda zigenzurwa nka cannabis n’imiti yica udukoko.
Inama ku bijyanye no kubahiriza amategeko y'ikigo
CPSC na EPA bagiranye inama ibigo bireba gutangiza gahunda yo kubahiriza amategeko vuba, ibikorwa by'ingenzi birimo: gusuzuma icyuho kiri hagati y'imiterere y'ibipfunyika bya tinplate bihari n'amahame mashya, gushyira imbere ibisubizo byemewe bya CR; kuvugana n'ibigo byujuje ibisabwa kugira ngo barangize isuzuma n'impamyabushobozi mbere y'igihe hakurikijwe amabwiriza yo gupima 16 CFR §1700.20; gukorana n'uruhererekane rw'ibicuruzwa kugira ngo kunoze inzira zo gukora kugira ngo ibikoresho byo gupfunyika n'ubukorikori byujuje ibisabwa kugira ngo birambe kandi bihuze n'ibisabwa; no kubika raporo z'ibizamini, inyandiko z'impamyabushobozi, n'ibindi bikoresho kugira ngo bigenzurwe n'inzego zishinzwe kugenzura.
(Inkomoko: Komisiyo Ishinzwe Umutekano w'Ibicuruzwa by'Abaguzi muri Amerika (CPSC) Itangazo ryo mu Ugushyingo 2025, Ikigo cya Amerika gishinzwe Kurengera Ibidukikije (EPA) "Ubuyobozi bwo Gupakira Ubudahangarwa bw'Abana mu Kwandika Imiti Irwanya Uburozi)
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama 19-2026
